{
  "title": "The American Mainspring Project - Master Source Table",
  "methodology": "Core evidence library initially reviewed June 26, 2026; sources added, replaced, or re-pinned since then carry their own added dates, and those changes are recorded in the Corrections log. “Figure as of” notes the date a moving number applies to; refresh these before public use. Confidence: High = official/neutral or peer-reviewed and current; Moderate = sound but estimate-dependent, projected, or contested. Official/neutral sources (GAO, Treasury, JCT, FTC, PSC, TRAC, USCIS, CRS, KFF) are listed first where available; advocacy sources serve as explainers.",
  "pillars": [
    {
      "num": 1,
      "name": "Human-Centered Democracy & Equal Representation",
      "slug": "democracy",
      "rows": [
        {
          "claim": "Georgia AVR raised the share of eligible Georgians actively registered from 78% to 98% and cut inactive/outdated records from ~14% to 5% after 2016 adoption.",
          "source": "Center for Election Innovation & Research",
          "url": "https://electioninnovation.org/research/georgia-automatic-voter-registration/",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Research nonprofit",
          "published": "2021",
          "asOf": "2016–2020",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "Bipartisan: adopted administratively under a Republican secretary of state in 2016.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "state-local"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Georgia AVR produced roughly 94% more registrations than otherwise expected; largest such surge in the country.",
          "source": "Brennan Center for Justice",
          "url": "https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/vrm-states-georgia",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Legal think tank",
          "published": "2019",
          "asOf": "2016–2018",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "Supporting estimate for the AVR claim.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "interested",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "state-local"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Ossoff's Right to Vote Act would create the first statutory federal right to vote (his signature voting-rights bill, reintroduced).",
          "source": "Congress.gov, S. 4884 (119th Congress)",
          "url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/4884",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Government (primary)",
          "published": "2024",
          "asOf": "as of 2024",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "Bill and sponsorship verified against the official Congress.gov record (also auto-verified weekly by the scorecard pipeline).",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "num": 2,
      "name": "A Government That Works",
      "slug": "government-that-works",
      "rows": [
        {
          "claim": "Federal tax expenditures (credits, deductions, exclusions, preferential rates) total roughly $2.2 trillion in FY2025, exceeding federal spending on Social Security, Medicare, or defense.",
          "source": "Joint Committee on Taxation (primary); Peter G. Peterson Foundation (explainer)",
          "url": "https://www.pgpf.org/article/8-key-charts-on-tax-breaks/",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Govt (JCT) / Foundation explainer",
          "published": "2025",
          "asOf": "FY2025",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "Cite JCT first; PGPF as accessible explainer.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "interested",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Tax expenditures are spending by another name (the 'spend through the code' framing).",
          "source": "U.S. Department of the Treasury",
          "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/tax-policy/tax-expenditures",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Government",
          "published": "Annual",
          "asOf": "FY2025",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "Primary framing source.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "num": 3,
      "name": "The Foundations of a Dignified Life",
      "slug": "healthcare",
      "rows": [
        {
          "claim": "Enhanced ACA premium tax credits lapsed at the end of 2025; the average enrollee's out-of-pocket premium is projected to more than double, and millions more become uninsured.",
          "source": "Center on Budget and Policy Priorities / KFF",
          "url": "https://www.cbpp.org/research/health/health-insurance-premium-spikes-imminent-as-tax-credit-enhancements-set-to-expire",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Think tank / health policy",
          "published": "2025",
          "asOf": "as of June 2026",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "Senate extension efforts failed Dec 2025 (per Reuters).",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "projection",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "CRS confirms the enhanced-credit lapse; CBO projects higher premiums and a higher uninsured rate.",
          "source": "Congressional Research Service",
          "url": "https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R48290",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Government (nonpartisan)",
          "published": "2025",
          "asOf": "as of June 2026",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "Neutral primary-adjacent source.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "projection",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "195 rural hospitals have closed or ended inpatient care since 2005; more than 700 are at risk; the credit lapse is projected to cut rural-hospital revenue by $1.6B.",
          "source": "Commonwealth Fund",
          "url": "https://www.commonwealthfund.org/blog/2025/without-renewal-enhanced-premium-tax-credits-rural-hospital-revenues-will-drop-16-billion",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Health foundation",
          "published": "2025",
          "asOf": "as of June 2026",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "projection",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Medical debt is a major driver of financial distress and a significant factor in many consumer bankruptcies.",
          "source": "KFF (health costs research)",
          "url": "https://www.kff.org/health-costs/",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Health policy",
          "published": "2024",
          "asOf": "2024",
          "confidence": "Moderate",
          "notes": "SOFTENED: bankruptcy-causation estimates vary by definition; avoid 'leading cause.'",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "num": 4,
      "name": "Build Enough, Build Well",
      "slug": "housing",
      "rows": [
        {
          "claim": "The U.S. housing shortfall is real and policy-shaped; estimates range from several million to over eight million units.",
          "source": "McKinsey (8.2M) / Goldman Sachs (3–4M)",
          "url": "https://www.mckinsey.com/institute-for-economic-mobility/our-insights/confronting-the-affordable-housing-crisis",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Consulting / bank research",
          "published": "2024–2025",
          "asOf": "2024–2025",
          "confidence": "Moderate",
          "notes": "SOFTENED: present as a range, not one settled number. Use only verified Goldman wording (3–4M units).",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "In many U.S. cities, roughly three-quarters of residential land is reserved for single-family homes only.",
          "source": "Brookings Institution",
          "url": "https://www.brookings.edu/articles/what-can-the-next-administration-do-about-the-us-housing-shortage/",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Think tank",
          "published": "2024",
          "asOf": "2024",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "SOFTENED: 'in many cities,' not uniform nationwide.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Scarcity of necessities is not a natural condition (conceptual grounding for artificial scarcity).",
          "source": "Marshall Sahlins, 'The Original Affluent Society' (1972)",
          "url": "",
          "sourceNote": "book - no URL",
          "type": "Academic (book)",
          "published": "1972",
          "asOf": "n/a",
          "confidence": "Moderate",
          "notes": "Conceptual support, not a statistic.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "num": 5,
      "name": "Climate Renewal & Regional Resilience",
      "slug": "climate",
      "rows": [
        {
          "claim": "Every $1 spent on federal hazard-mitigation grants saves about $6 in future disaster costs (building to code saves more).",
          "source": "National Institute of Building Sciences / FEMA",
          "url": "https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/2020-07/fema_mitsaves-factsheet_2018.pdf",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Quasi-govt / Government",
          "published": "2019",
          "asOf": "2019 study",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "Congressionally chartered NIBS study.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Confirms the 6-to-1 mitigation return; notes much mitigation funding is unspent for lack of capacity.",
          "source": "Congressional Research Service",
          "url": "https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/IF12834",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Government (nonpartisan)",
          "published": "2024",
          "asOf": "as of 2024",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "num": 6,
      "name": "Innovation With Public Return",
      "slug": "innovation",
      "rows": [
        {
          "claim": "NIH funding contributed to research behind 354 of 356 drugs (99.4%) approved 2010–2019, totaling about $187B, comparable to industry's investment.",
          "source": "JAMA Health Forum (via Bentley University)",
          "url": "https://www.bentley.edu/news/new-study-shows-nih-investment-new-drug-approvals-comparable-investment-pharmaceutical",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Academic (peer-reviewed)",
          "published": "2023",
          "asOf": "2010–2019",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "Excellent source for the public-return standard.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Underlying peer-reviewed analysis (NIH vs. industry research spending on new approvals).",
          "source": "National Library of Medicine (PMC)",
          "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10148199/",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Academic",
          "published": "2023",
          "asOf": "2010–2019",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Core technologies behind the smartphone (internet, GPS, touchscreen) originated in publicly funded research.",
          "source": "Mariana Mazzucato, 'The Entrepreneurial State' (2013)",
          "url": "",
          "sourceNote": "book - no URL",
          "type": "Academic (book)",
          "published": "2013",
          "asOf": "n/a",
          "confidence": "Moderate",
          "notes": "Conceptual support.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "num": 7,
      "name": "Fair Markets, Fair Work & Anti-Rent Extraction",
      "slug": "fair-markets",
      "rows": [
        {
          "claim": "Since 1979, productivity has grown roughly 3.5x as much as pay for the typical worker (~$9/hr gap if pay had kept pace).",
          "source": "Economic Policy Institute",
          "url": "https://www.epi.org/productivity-pay-gap/",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Think tank (labor)",
          "published": "2024",
          "asOf": "1979–2023",
          "confidence": "Moderate",
          "notes": "CONTESTED: some attribute part of the gap to differing price indices; the broad divergence is widely accepted.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Roughly 30 million workers (about 1 in 5) are covered by noncompetes. The FTC's 2024 rule banning most was blocked in court (Aug 2024) and the FTC dropped its appeal (Sept 2025); reform now requires legislation, state action, and targeted enforcement.",
          "source": "Federal Trade Commission",
          "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/legal-library/browse/rules/noncompete-rule",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Government",
          "published": "2024",
          "asOf": "as of June 2026",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "CORRECTED: rule is NOT in effect. Estimate of ~30M stands.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "num": 8,
      "name": "Humane Safety, Justice & Immigration",
      "slug": "justice-safety",
      "rows": [
        {
          "claim": "Civilian crisis response (CAHOOTS model) diverted a large share of calls with low police backup and was associated with reduced arrests and cost savings.",
          "source": "White Bird Clinic; NBER working paper w33761",
          "url": "https://www.nber.org/papers/w33761",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "NGO / academic (working paper)",
          "published": "2025",
          "asOf": "through 2024",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "UPDATED: the original Eugene program ended in April 2025 over funding/contract; it continues in Springfield and Eugene is working to restore it. The evidence it generated remains valid.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Denver STAR cut targeted low-level crime by 34%, made no arrests, and was about four times cheaper than police response.",
          "source": "Stanford SIEPR / Science Advances (Dee & Pyne)",
          "url": "https://siepr.stanford.edu/news/groundbreaking-study-shows-benefits-reinventing-responses-nonviolent-911-calls",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Academic",
          "published": "2022",
          "asOf": "2020 pilot",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "causal",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Immigration court backlog stood at about 3.24 million active pending cases at the end of May 2026 (down from a ~3.7M peak in late 2024).",
          "source": "TRAC, Syracuse University",
          "url": "https://tracreports.org/immigration/quickfacts/eoir.html",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Research clearinghouse",
          "published": "2026",
          "asOf": "May 2026",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "CORRECTED from 3.7M to ~3.2M.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Pending cases at USCIS reached roughly 11.6 million in 2025, more than triple a decade earlier.",
          "source": "American Immigration Council",
          "url": "https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/blog/uscis-backlogs-processing-trends-dashboard/",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Advocacy / research",
          "published": "2025",
          "asOf": "2025",
          "confidence": "Moderate",
          "notes": "",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Congress caps employment green cards at 140,000/yr and limits any country to ~7%, forcing decade-plus waits; ~4M people are on immigrant-visa waiting lists.",
          "source": "U.S. State Dept Visa Bulletin; CRS",
          "url": "https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/legal/visa-law0/visa-bulletin.html",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Government",
          "published": "Ongoing",
          "asOf": "as of 2026",
          "confidence": "Moderate",
          "notes": "Structural caps set by Congress.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "The 1986 IRCA legalized roughly 2.7–3 million long-settled residents, paired with enforcement; signed by Reagan with bipartisan support.",
          "source": "Library of Congress; Migration Policy Institute",
          "url": "https://guides.loc.gov/latinx-civil-rights/irca",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Government / think tank",
          "published": "1986 / 2011",
          "asOf": "historical",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "Direct precedent for an earned path.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "num": 9,
      "name": "Civic Life, Service & National Renewal",
      "slug": "national-service",
      "rows": [
        {
          "claim": "The Civilian Conservation Corps employed about 3 million young people (1933–1942), planted some 3 billion trees, and built 800+ parks; one of the most popular New Deal programs.",
          "source": "National Park Service",
          "url": "https://www.nps.gov/articles/the-civilian-conservation-corps.htm",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Government",
          "published": "n/a",
          "asOf": "1933–1942",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "SOFTENED: dropped the exact '82% Gallup' figure pending an original citation.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "AI could affect about 40% of jobs globally and 60% in advanced economies.",
          "source": "International Monetary Fund",
          "url": "https://www.imf.org/en/blogs/articles/2024/01/14/ai-will-transform-the-global-economy-lets-make-sure-it-benefits-humanity",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "IGO",
          "published": "2024",
          "asOf": "2024",
          "confidence": "Moderate",
          "notes": "Exposure estimate.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "international"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "An estimated 92 million jobs displaced and 170 million created by 2030.",
          "source": "World Economic Forum, Future of Jobs 2025",
          "url": "https://www.weforum.org/publications/the-future-of-jobs-report-2025/",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "IGO / industry survey",
          "published": "2025",
          "asOf": "by 2030 (proj.)",
          "confidence": "Moderate",
          "notes": "Projection; treat as directional.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "projection",
            "scope": "international"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Military service is already an earned, expedited path to citizenship.",
          "source": "USCIS",
          "url": "https://www.uscis.gov/military",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Government",
          "published": "Ongoing",
          "asOf": "as of 2026",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "Basis for service-to-citizenship.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "num": 10,
      "name": "Democratic Security in a Changing World",
      "slug": "democratic-security",
      "rows": [
        {
          "claim": "The Responsibility to Protect, adopted at the 2005 UN World Summit, holds the international community must be prepared to act against four mass-atrocity crimes.",
          "source": "United Nations",
          "url": "https://www.un.org/en/genocide-prevention/responsibility-protect/about",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "IGO",
          "published": "2005",
          "asOf": "historical",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "Doctrinal grounding for narrow intervention.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "international"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "Conditions on the use of force draw on the just-war tradition (Walzer, 1977) and the War Powers Resolution (1973) for democratic authorization.",
          "source": "Michael Walzer; 50 U.S.C. ch. 33",
          "url": "",
          "sourceNote": "book + statute - no single URL",
          "type": "Academic / statute",
          "published": "1977 / 1973",
          "asOf": "historical",
          "confidence": "Moderate",
          "notes": "Conceptual + legal grounding.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "The Leahy Law bars U.S. assistance to foreign security-force units credibly implicated in gross human-rights violations.",
          "source": "U.S. Department of State",
          "url": "https://www.state.gov/bureau-of-democracy-human-rights-and-labor/releases/2025/01/leahy-law-fact-sheet",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Government",
          "published": "2025",
          "asOf": "as of 2025",
          "confidence": "High",
          "notes": "Already binding law.",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        },
        {
          "claim": "The Leahy Law has been applied unevenly, with favored partners effectively exempted.",
          "source": "Human Rights First",
          "url": "https://www.humanrightsfirst.org/library/transparency-in-the-leahy-laws-who-is-banned",
          "sourceNote": "",
          "type": "Advocacy",
          "published": "2023",
          "asOf": "2023",
          "confidence": "Moderate",
          "notes": "Supports 'one standard for every ally.'",
          "profile": {
            "independence": "independent",
            "claimType": "descriptive",
            "scope": "national"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "georgia": [
    {
      "claim": "Invitation Homes paid a $48 million federal settlement over junk fees and deceptive practices against renters.",
      "source": "Federal Trade Commission",
      "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/news/press-releases/2024/09/ftc-action-leads-48-million-back-invitation-homes-renters-harmed-companys-deceptive-unfair-practices",
      "sourceNote": "",
      "type": "Government",
      "published": "2024",
      "asOf": "2024",
      "confidence": "High",
      "notes": "Metro-Atlanta relevance; corporate-landlord extraction.",
      "area": "8. Immigration",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "independent",
        "claimType": "descriptive",
        "scope": "state-local"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "Georgia Pathways spent $54.2M on administration vs $26.1M on care (2021–mid-2025), ~88% federally funded, with about 9,175 enrolled of ~250,000 eligible.",
      "source": "U.S. GAO (report GAO-25-108160); ProPublica",
      "url": "https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-25-108160",
      "sourceNote": "",
      "type": "Government (GAO)",
      "published": "2025",
      "asOf": "as of mid-2025",
      "confidence": "High",
      "notes": "Strongest Georgia example. Ossoff & Warnock requested the audit.",
      "area": "GA Case Study",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "independent",
        "claimType": "descriptive",
        "scope": "state-local"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "Georgia's data-center sales-tax exemption costs roughly $474M (FY2025); a state-commissioned UGA evaluation found only ~30% of data centers are attributable to it (about 70% would have located in Georgia anyway).",
      "source": "Georgia DOAA tax-incentive evaluation (Carl Vinson Institute)",
      "url": "https://www.audits2.ga.gov/reports/summaries/georgia-data-center-sales-use-tax-exemption/",
      "sourceNote": "",
      "type": "Government / research",
      "published": "2024–2025",
      "asOf": "FY2025",
      "confidence": "High",
      "notes": "Strong for the public-return argument.",
      "area": "GA Case Study",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "independent",
        "claimType": "descriptive",
        "scope": "state-local"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "Ossoff's bipartisan bill to ban congressional stock trading passed the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, the first time a Senate committee has advanced such a ban.",
      "source": "Senate Homeland Security & Governmental Affairs Committee",
      "url": "https://www.hsgac.senate.gov/media/dems/in-historic-first-committee-advances-peters-merkley-hawley-ossoff-and-rosen-bipartisan-legislation-to-ban-member-stock-trading/",
      "sourceNote": "",
      "type": "Government (primary)",
      "published": "2024–2025",
      "asOf": "as of 2026",
      "confidence": "High",
      "notes": "Campaign-adjacent: source each claim carefully.",
      "area": "GA Case Study",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "independent",
        "claimType": "descriptive",
        "scope": "national"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "Ossoff's bipartisan Federal Prison Oversight Act (S.1401) passed both chambers and was signed into law in July 2024.",
      "source": "Congress.gov bill record",
      "url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/senate-bill/1401",
      "sourceNote": "",
      "type": "Government (primary)",
      "published": "2024–2025",
      "asOf": "as of 2026",
      "confidence": "High",
      "notes": "Campaign-adjacent: source each claim carefully.",
      "area": "GA Case Study",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "independent",
        "claimType": "descriptive",
        "scope": "national"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "Ossoff and Warnock requested the GAO audit of Georgia Pathways; the resulting report documented $54.2M spent on administration versus $26.1M on care.",
      "source": "U.S. GAO (report GAO-25-108160)",
      "url": "https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-25-108160",
      "sourceNote": "",
      "type": "Government (primary)",
      "published": "2024–2025",
      "asOf": "as of 2026",
      "confidence": "High",
      "notes": "Campaign-adjacent: source each claim carefully.",
      "area": "GA Case Study",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "independent",
        "claimType": "descriptive",
        "scope": "state-local"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "Georgia Pathways to Coverage enrolled about 6,500 people in 18 months, roughly 75% below the state's first-year projection, while costing taxpayers more than $86.9 million, about three-quarters of it to consultants.",
      "source": "KFF Health News",
      "url": "https://kffhealthnews.org/news/article/georgia-medicaid-work-requirements-experiment-high-cost-low-enrollment/",
      "sourceNote": "",
      "type": "Journalism (document-based)",
      "published": "2025",
      "asOf": "2024",
      "confidence": "High",
      "notes": "The clearest documented case of a work requirement functioning as a paperwork barrier.",
      "area": "3. Foundations",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "independent",
        "claimType": "projection",
        "scope": "state-local"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "GAO found Georgia's Medicaid work-requirement program spent twice as much on administration ($54.2 million) as on actual health care ($26.1 million).",
      "source": "U.S. Government Accountability Office, via ProPublica",
      "url": "https://www.propublica.org/article/georgia-pathways-medicaid-work-requirement-gao-report",
      "sourceNote": "",
      "type": "Government (primary), via journalism",
      "published": "2025",
      "asOf": "2025",
      "confidence": "High",
      "notes": "",
      "area": "3. Foundations",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "independent",
        "claimType": "descriptive",
        "scope": "state-local"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "About 240,000 Georgians are stuck in the coverage gap, earning too much for Medicaid and too little for subsidized marketplace insurance; nine rural Georgia hospitals have closed since 2010 and a 2024 Chartis analysis put 18 more at risk.",
      "source": "Georgia Budget and Policy Institute; Chartis Center for Rural Health",
      "url": "https://gbpi.org/fast-facts-georgias-coverage-gap/",
      "sourceNote": "",
      "type": "Research nonprofit",
      "published": "2024",
      "asOf": "2024",
      "confidence": "High",
      "notes": "Full Medicaid expansion is the strongest single intervention available for rural hospital finances.",
      "area": "3. Foundations",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "interested",
        "claimType": "descriptive",
        "scope": "state-local"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "Hurricane Helene caused an estimated $6.46 billion in damage to Georgia's agriculture and forestry industries, more than three times Hurricane Michael's 2018 toll.",
      "source": "University of Georgia / Georgia Department of Agriculture / Georgia Forestry Commission preliminary assessment",
      "url": "https://extension.uga.edu/topic-areas/timely-topics/helene-report.html",
      "sourceNote": "",
      "type": "Government and university (primary)",
      "published": "2024",
      "asOf": "2024",
      "confidence": "High",
      "notes": "Includes 500,000-600,000 lost cotton bales and over 100 poultry houses damaged or destroyed.",
      "area": "5. Climate",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "independent",
        "claimType": "descriptive",
        "scope": "state-local"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "Georgia is the nation's second-largest user of the H-2A agricultural visa program, with 43,436 positions certified in FY2024 (11.3% of the national total); on the order of 60% of the state's agricultural jobs depend on the program.",
      "source": "USDA Economic Research Service; UGA CAES Field Report",
      "url": "https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/chart-gallery/chart-detail?chartId=86844",
      "sourceNote": "",
      "type": "Government (primary)",
      "published": "2025",
      "asOf": "FY2024",
      "confidence": "High",
      "notes": "No state has a bigger stake in a working legal-channel system for agricultural labor.",
      "area": "8. Immigration",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "independent",
        "claimType": "descriptive",
        "scope": "state-local"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "Georgia leads the nation in broiler-chicken production, a roughly $6.6 billion sector; poultry is the state's largest agricultural industry.",
      "source": "USDA NASS, Georgia Agricultural Facts",
      "url": "https://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/Georgia/Publications/More_Features/GAAgFacts2023.pdf",
      "sourceNote": "",
      "type": "Government data + advocacy",
      "published": "2023-2024",
      "asOf": "2023",
      "confidence": "Medium",
      "notes": "The sector-scale half of the farmer-dignity plank, pinned to the official state agricultural statistics.",
      "area": "3. Foundations",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "independent",
        "claimType": "descriptive",
        "scope": "state-local"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "Most growers raise birds under contract for a few integrators, financing chicken houses (about $1 million-plus for a standard four-house operation) while the company owns the birds, feed, and terms, with pay run through a tournament ranking system.",
      "source": "Farm Aid poultry grower fact sheet",
      "url": "https://www.farmaid.org/blog/fact-sheet/big-chicken-poultry-growers-fight-fairness/",
      "sourceNote": "Farmer-advocacy source for the contract-structure description; flagged as interested.",
      "type": "Government data + advocacy",
      "published": "2023-2024",
      "asOf": "2023",
      "confidence": "Medium",
      "notes": "The contract-structure half, from a farmer-advocacy organization and read with that provenance.",
      "area": "3. Foundations",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "interested",
        "claimType": "descriptive",
        "scope": "state-local"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "Georgia's accountability courts, expanded statewide in 2012 under Gov. Nathan Deal, divert people with substance-use and mental-health needs into supervised treatment; a 2015 state audit found graduates reoffend at roughly 40 percent, less than half the rate of comparable conventionally-sentenced people (graduate-vs-nonparticipant comparison, not randomized).",
      "source": "Georgia Department of Audits and Accounts, adult-felony drug courts review",
      "url": "https://www.audits.ga.gov/ReportSearch/download/11295",
      "sourceNote": "",
      "type": "Government + university evaluation",
      "published": "2015-2017",
      "asOf": "2017",
      "confidence": "Medium",
      "notes": "The recidivism half; selection-prone comparison stated in the claim itself.",
      "area": "8. Justice",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "independent",
        "claimType": "causal",
        "scope": "state-local"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "A Carl Vinson Institute economic-impact study estimated Georgia's accountability-court program saves the state about $38 million a year against conventional sentencing.",
      "source": "Carl Vinson Institute of Government (2017), via UGA Research",
      "url": "https://research.uga.edu/news/held-accountable/",
      "sourceNote": "",
      "type": "Government + university evaluation",
      "published": "2015-2017",
      "asOf": "2017",
      "confidence": "Medium",
      "notes": "The savings half, pinned to the university describing its own study.",
      "area": "8. Justice",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "independent",
        "claimType": "descriptive",
        "scope": "state-local"
      }
    },
    {
      "claim": "Georgia has among the worst maternal mortality in the US, with Black women dying of pregnancy-related causes at roughly 2-3x the rate of white women. After Georgia's six-week abortion ban took effect, the state's maternal mortality review committee found the death of Amber Thurman (sepsis after a ~20-hour hospital delay in performing a D&C) had a 'good chance' of being preventable; she and Candi Miller were among the first US deaths publicly tied to a post-Dobbs ban (ProPublica, 2024). Georgia then dismissed all 32 committee members after the findings leaked.",
      "source": "ProPublica; Georgia Maternal Mortality Review Committee (internal findings)",
      "url": "https://www.propublica.org/article/georgia-dismisses-maternal-mortality-committee-amber-thurman-candi-miller",
      "sourceNote": "Committee findings obtained and reported by ProPublica; the state has not published them.",
      "type": "Investigative journalism + state committee",
      "published": "2024",
      "asOf": "2024",
      "confidence": "High",
      "notes": "The reproductive-health plank, Georgia edition, and a keep-the-count case: dismissing the review committee is the measurement-killing pattern the platform names elsewhere.",
      "area": "3. Foundations",
      "profile": {
        "independence": "independent",
        "claimType": "descriptive",
        "scope": "state-local"
      }
    }
  ]
}